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Marine aluminium alloys can be divided into wrought aluminium alloys and cast aluminium alloys. Wrought aluminium alloys are mainly used in the superstructures of large surface vessels, all-aluminium ocean research ships weighing thousands of tons, ocean-going commercial vessels and passenger ships, hydrofoils, hovercrafts, passenger ferries, catamaran passenger ships, utility boats, landing craft, and various types of high-speed passenger ferries and military fast boats. Cast aluminium alloys are primarily used for pumps, pistons, outfitting components, and rainwater shell casings.
Aluminium alloys have properties such as low density and modulus of elasticity, corrosion resistance, weldability, ease of processing, non-magnetic nature, and good performance at low temperatures. Marine aluminium alloys have the following advantages:
Because marine aluminium alloys have low density, they can reduce the weight of the ship, decrease the engine's single machine capacity, increase speed, reduce fuel consumption, save on fuel, improve the ship's length-to-width ratio, increase stability, make the ship easier to maneuver, and increase payload, thereby obtaining extra profits.
Due to the excellent corrosion resistance of marine aluminium alloys, maintenance costs such as oiling are reduced, and service life can be extended (usually over 20 years).
Marine aluminium alloys have good processing and forming capabilities, making it easy to carry out various types of processing like cutting, stamping, cold bending, forming, and machining. They are suitable for forming streamlined hulls; large, wide, thin-walled profiles can be extruded, reducing the number of welds and making the hull structure more rational and lightweight.
Marine aluminium alloys have good welding properties, making welding relatively easy.
Marine aluminium alloys have a low modulus of elasticity, which means they can absorb impact stress well, providing greater safety.
Marine aluminium alloys are easy to recycle and can be reused.
Marine aluminium alloys do not have low-temperature brittleness, making them suitable for low-temperature equipment.
Due to their non-magnetic nature, they do not affect compasses; an all-aluminium ship can avoid mine attacks and is suitable for use as a minesweeper.
Marine aluminium alloys are free from insect damage and drying deformation; they are non-flammable and relatively safe in case of fire.
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